Windows

Windows — Onscreen display areas in the target window system

Synopsis


#include <gdk/gdk.h>

struct              GdkWindow;
enum                GdkWindowType;
enum                GdkWindowClass;
enum                GdkWindowHints;
                    GdkGeometry;
enum                GdkGravity;
enum                GdkWindowEdge;
enum                GdkWindowTypeHint;
                    GdkWindowAttr;
enum                GdkWindowAttributesType;
GdkWindow*          gdk_window_new                      (GdkWindow *parent,
                                                         GdkWindowAttr *attributes,
                                                         gint attributes_mask);
void                gdk_window_destroy                  (GdkWindow *window);
#define             gdk_window_ref
#define             gdk_window_unref
GdkWindowType       gdk_window_get_window_type          (GdkWindow *window);
GdkWindow*          gdk_window_at_pointer               (gint *win_x,
                                                         gint *win_y);
void                gdk_window_show                     (GdkWindow *window);
void                gdk_window_show_unraised            (GdkWindow *window);
void                gdk_window_hide                     (GdkWindow *window);
gboolean            gdk_window_is_visible               (GdkWindow *window);
gboolean            gdk_window_is_viewable              (GdkWindow *window);
GdkWindowState      gdk_window_get_state                (GdkWindow *window);
void                gdk_window_withdraw                 (GdkWindow *window);
void                gdk_window_iconify                  (GdkWindow *window);
void                gdk_window_deiconify                (GdkWindow *window);
void                gdk_window_stick                    (GdkWindow *window);
void                gdk_window_unstick                  (GdkWindow *window);
void                gdk_window_maximize                 (GdkWindow *window);
void                gdk_window_unmaximize               (GdkWindow *window);
void                gdk_window_fullscreen               (GdkWindow *window);
void                gdk_window_unfullscreen             (GdkWindow *window);
void                gdk_window_set_keep_above           (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gboolean setting);
void                gdk_window_set_keep_below           (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gboolean setting);
void                gdk_window_set_opacity              (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gdouble opacity);
void                gdk_window_set_composited           (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gboolean composited);
void                gdk_window_move                     (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gint x,
                                                         gint y);
void                gdk_window_resize                   (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gint width,
                                                         gint height);
void                gdk_window_move_resize              (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gint x,
                                                         gint y,
                                                         gint width,
                                                         gint height);
void                gdk_window_scroll                   (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gint dx,
                                                         gint dy);
void                gdk_window_move_region              (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         const GdkRegion *region,
                                                         gint dx,
                                                         gint dy);
void                gdk_window_reparent                 (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkWindow *new_parent,
                                                         gint x,
                                                         gint y);
void                gdk_window_clear                    (GdkWindow *window);
void                gdk_window_clear_area               (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gint x,
                                                         gint y,
                                                         gint width,
                                                         gint height);
void                gdk_window_clear_area_e             (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gint x,
                                                         gint y,
                                                         gint width,
                                                         gint height);
#define             gdk_window_copy_area                (drawable,gc,x,y,source_drawable,source_x,source_y,width,height)
void                gdk_window_raise                    (GdkWindow *window);
void                gdk_window_lower                    (GdkWindow *window);
void                gdk_window_focus                    (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         guint32 timestamp);
void                gdk_window_register_dnd             (GdkWindow *window);
void                gdk_window_begin_resize_drag        (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkWindowEdge edge,
                                                         gint button,
                                                         gint root_x,
                                                         gint root_y,
                                                         guint32 timestamp);
void                gdk_window_begin_move_drag          (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gint button,
                                                         gint root_x,
                                                         gint root_y,
                                                         guint32 timestamp);
void                gdk_window_constrain_size           (GdkGeometry *geometry,
                                                         guint flags,
                                                         gint width,
                                                         gint height,
                                                         gint *new_width,
                                                         gint *new_height);
void                gdk_window_beep                     (GdkWindow *window);

void                gdk_window_begin_paint_rect         (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkRectangle *rectangle);
void                gdk_window_begin_paint_region       (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkRegion *region);
void                gdk_window_end_paint                (GdkWindow *window);

void                gdk_window_invalidate_rect          (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkRectangle *rect,
                                                         gboolean invalidate_children);
void                gdk_window_invalidate_region        (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkRegion *region,
                                                         gboolean invalidate_children);
void                gdk_window_invalidate_maybe_recurse (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkRegion *region,
                                                         gboolean (child_funcGdkWindow *, gpointer) (),
                                                         gpointer user_data);
GdkRegion*          gdk_window_get_update_area          (GdkWindow *window);
void                gdk_window_freeze_updates           (GdkWindow *window);
void                gdk_window_thaw_updates             (GdkWindow *window);
void                gdk_window_process_all_updates      (void);
void                gdk_window_process_updates          (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gboolean update_children);
void                gdk_window_set_debug_updates        (gboolean setting);
void                gdk_window_get_internal_paint_info  (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkDrawable **real_drawable,
                                                         gint *x_offset,
                                                         gint *y_offset);
void                gdk_window_enable_synchronized_configure
                                                        (GdkWindow *window);
void                gdk_window_configure_finished       (GdkWindow *window);

void                gdk_window_set_user_data            (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gpointer user_data);
void                gdk_window_set_override_redirect    (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gboolean override_redirect);
void                gdk_window_set_accept_focus         (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gboolean accept_focus);
void                gdk_window_set_focus_on_map         (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gboolean focus_on_map);
void                gdk_window_add_filter               (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkFilterFunc function,
                                                         gpointer data);
void                gdk_window_remove_filter            (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkFilterFunc function,
                                                         gpointer data);
GdkFilterReturn     (*GdkFilterFunc)                    (GdkXEvent *xevent,
                                                         GdkEvent *event,
                                                         gpointer data);
enum                GdkFilterReturn;
typedef             GdkXEvent;
void                gdk_window_shape_combine_mask       (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkBitmap *mask,
                                                         gint x,
                                                         gint y);
void                gdk_window_shape_combine_region     (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         const GdkRegion *shape_region,
                                                         gint offset_x,
                                                         gint offset_y);
void                gdk_window_set_child_shapes         (GdkWindow *window);
void                gdk_window_merge_child_shapes       (GdkWindow *window);
void                gdk_window_input_shape_combine_mask (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkBitmap *mask,
                                                         gint x,
                                                         gint y);
void                gdk_window_input_shape_combine_region
                                                        (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkRegion *shape_region,
                                                         gint offset_x,
                                                         gint offset_y);
void                gdk_window_set_child_input_shapes   (GdkWindow *window);
void                gdk_window_merge_child_input_shapes (GdkWindow *window);
gboolean            gdk_window_set_static_gravities     (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gboolean use_static);
void                gdk_window_set_hints                (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gint x,
                                                         gint y,
                                                         gint min_width,
                                                         gint min_height,
                                                         gint max_width,
                                                         gint max_height,
                                                         gint flags);
void                gdk_window_set_title                (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         const gchar *title);
void                gdk_window_set_background           (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         const GdkColor *color);
void                gdk_window_set_back_pixmap          (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkPixmap *pixmap,
                                                         gboolean parent_relative);
#define             GDK_PARENT_RELATIVE
void                gdk_window_set_cursor               (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkCursor *cursor);
#define             gdk_window_set_colormap
void                gdk_window_get_user_data            (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gpointer *data);
void                gdk_window_get_geometry             (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gint *x,
                                                         gint *y,
                                                         gint *width,
                                                         gint *height,
                                                         gint *depth);
void                gdk_window_set_geometry_hints       (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkGeometry *geometry,
                                                         GdkWindowHints geom_mask);
void                gdk_window_set_icon_list            (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GList *pixbufs);
void                gdk_window_set_modal_hint           (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gboolean modal);
void                gdk_window_set_type_hint            (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkWindowTypeHint hint);
GdkWindowTypeHint   gdk_window_get_type_hint            (GdkWindow *window);
void                gdk_window_set_skip_taskbar_hint    (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gboolean skips_taskbar);
void                gdk_window_set_skip_pager_hint      (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gboolean skips_pager);
void                gdk_window_set_urgency_hint         (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gboolean urgent);
void                gdk_window_get_position             (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gint *x,
                                                         gint *y);
void                gdk_window_get_root_origin          (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gint *x,
                                                         gint *y);
void                gdk_window_get_frame_extents        (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkRectangle *rect);
#define             gdk_window_get_size
#define             gdk_window_get_visual
#define             gdk_window_get_colormap
#define             gdk_window_get_type
gint                gdk_window_get_origin               (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gint *x,
                                                         gint *y);
gboolean            gdk_window_get_deskrelative_origin  (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gint *x,
                                                         gint *y);
GdkWindow*          gdk_window_get_pointer              (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gint *x,
                                                         gint *y,
                                                         GdkModifierType *mask);
enum                GdkModifierType;
GdkWindow*          gdk_window_get_parent               (GdkWindow *window);
GdkWindow*          gdk_window_get_toplevel             (GdkWindow *window);
GList*              gdk_window_get_children             (GdkWindow *window);
GList*              gdk_window_peek_children            (GdkWindow *window);
GdkEventMask        gdk_window_get_events               (GdkWindow *window);
void                gdk_window_set_events               (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkEventMask event_mask);
void                gdk_window_set_icon                 (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkWindow *icon_window,
                                                         GdkPixmap *pixmap,
                                                         GdkBitmap *mask);
void                gdk_window_set_icon_name            (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         const gchar *name);
void                gdk_window_set_transient_for        (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkWindow *parent);
void                gdk_window_set_role                 (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         const gchar *role);
void                gdk_window_set_startup_id           (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         const gchar *startup_id);
void                gdk_window_set_group                (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkWindow *leader);
GdkWindow*          gdk_window_get_group                (GdkWindow *window);
void                gdk_window_set_decorations          (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkWMDecoration decorations);
gboolean            gdk_window_get_decorations          (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkWMDecoration *decorations);
enum                GdkWMDecoration;
void                gdk_window_set_functions            (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkWMFunction functions);
enum                GdkWMFunction;
GList*              gdk_window_get_toplevels            (void);
GdkWindow*          gdk_get_default_root_window         (void);

                    GdkPointerHooks;
GdkPointerHooks*    gdk_set_pointer_hooks               (const GdkPointerHooks *new_hooks);

Object Hierarchy

  GObject
   +----GdkDrawable
         +----GdkWindow

Description

A GdkWindow is a rectangular region on the screen. It's a low-level object, used to implement high-level objects such as GtkWidget and GtkWindow on the GTK+ level. A GtkWindow is a toplevel window, the thing a user might think of as a "window" with a titlebar and so on; a GtkWindow may contain many GdkWindow. For example, each GtkButton has a GdkWindow associated with it.

Example 7. Composited windows

#include <gtk/gtk.h>

/* The expose event handler for the event box.
 *
 * This function simply draws a transparency onto a widget on the area
 * for which it receives expose events.  This is intended to give the
 * event box a "transparent" background.
 *
 * In order for this to work properly, the widget must have an RGBA
 * colourmap.  The widget should also be set as app-paintable since it
 * doesn't make sense for GTK+ to draw a background if we are drawing it
 * (and because GTK+ might actually replace our transparency with its
 * default background colour).
 */
static gboolean
transparent_expose (GtkWidget      *widget,
                    GdkEventExpose *event)
{
  cairo_t *cr;

  cr = gdk_cairo_create (widget->window);
  cairo_set_operator (cr, CAIRO_OPERATOR_CLEAR);
  gdk_cairo_region (cr, event->region);
  cairo_fill (cr);
  cairo_destroy (cr);

  return FALSE;
}

/* The expose event handler for the window.
 *
 * This function performs the actual compositing of the event box onto
 * the already-existing background of the window at 50% normal opacity.
 *
 * In this case we do not want app-paintable to be set on the widget
 * since we want it to draw its own (red) background. Because of this,
 * however, we must ensure that we use g_signal_connect_after so that
 * this handler is called after the red has been drawn. If it was
 * called before then GTK would just blindly paint over our work.
 *
 * Note: if the child window has children, then you need a cairo 1.16
 * feature to make this work correctly.
 */
static gboolean
window_expose_event (GtkWidget      *widget,
                     GdkEventExpose *event)
{
  GdkRegion *region;
  GtkWidget *child;
  cairo_t *cr;

  /* get our child (in this case, the event box) */ 
  child = gtk_bin_get_child (GTK_BIN (widget));

  /* create a cairo context to draw to the window */
  cr = gdk_cairo_create (widget->window);

  /* the source data is the (composited) event box */
  gdk_cairo_set_source_pixmap (cr, child->window,
                               child->allocation.x,
                               child->allocation.y);

  /* draw no more than our expose event intersects our child */
  region = gdk_region_rectangle (&child->allocation);
  gdk_region_intersect (region, event->region);
  gdk_cairo_region (cr, region);
  cairo_clip (cr);

  /* composite, with a 50% opacity */
  cairo_set_operator (cr, CAIRO_OPERATOR_OVER);
  cairo_paint_with_alpha (cr, 0.5);

  /* we're done */
  cairo_destroy (cr);

  return FALSE;
}

int
main (int argc, char **argv)
{
  GtkWidget *window, *event, *button;
  GdkScreen *screen;
  GdkColormap *rgba;
  GdkColor red;

  gtk_init (&argc, &argv);

  /* Make the widgets */
  button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("A Button");
  event = gtk_event_box_new ();
  window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);

  /* Put a red background on the window */
  gdk_color_parse ("red", &red);
  gtk_widget_modify_bg (window, GTK_STATE_NORMAL, &red);

  /* Set the colourmap for the event box.
   * Must be done before the event box is realised.
   */
  screen = gtk_widget_get_screen (event);
  rgba = gdk_screen_get_rgba_colormap (screen);
  gtk_widget_set_colormap (event, rgba);

  /* Set our event box to have a fully-transparent background
   * drawn on it. Currently there is no way to simply tell GTK+
   * that "transparency" is the background colour for a widget.
   */
  gtk_widget_set_app_paintable (GTK_WIDGET (event), TRUE);
  g_signal_connect (event, "expose-event",
                    G_CALLBACK (transparent_expose), NULL);

  /* Put them inside one another */
  gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);
  gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), event);
  gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (event), button);

  /* Realise and show everything */
  gtk_widget_show_all (window);

  /* Set the event box GdkWindow to be composited.
   * Obviously must be performed after event box is realised.
   */
  gdk_window_set_composited (event->window, TRUE);

  /* Set up the compositing handler.
   * Note that we do _after_ so that the normal (red) background is drawn
   * by gtk before our compositing occurs.
   */
  g_signal_connect_after (window, "expose-event",
                          G_CALLBACK (window_expose_event), NULL);

  gtk_main (<!-- -->);

  return 0;
}


In the example Example 7, “Composited windows”, a button is placed inside of an event box inside of a window. The event box is set as composited and therefore is no longer automatically drawn to the screen.

When the contents of the event box change, an expose event is generated on its parent window (which, in this case, belongs to the toplevel GtkWindow). The expose handler for this widget is responsible for merging the changes back on the screen in the way that it wishes.

In our case, we merge the contents with a 50% transparency. We also set the background colour of the window to red. The effect is that the background shows through the button.

Details

struct GdkWindow

struct GdkWindow;

An opaque structure representing an onscreen drawable. Pointers to structures of type GdkPixmap, GdkBitmap, and GdkWindow, can often be used interchangeably. The type GdkDrawable refers generically to any of these types.


enum GdkWindowType

typedef enum
{
  GDK_WINDOW_ROOT,
  GDK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL,
  GDK_WINDOW_CHILD,
  GDK_WINDOW_DIALOG,
  GDK_WINDOW_TEMP,
  GDK_WINDOW_FOREIGN
} GdkWindowType;

Describes the kind of window.

GDK_WINDOW_ROOT root window; this window has no parent, covers the entire screen, and is created by the window system
GDK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL toplevel window (used to implement GtkWindow)
GDK_WINDOW_CHILD child window (used to implement e.g. GtkEntry)
GDK_WINDOW_DIALOG useless/deprecated compatibility type
GDK_WINDOW_TEMP override redirect temporary window (used to implement GtkMenu)
GDK_WINDOW_FOREIGN foreign window (see gdk_window_foreign_new())

enum GdkWindowClass

typedef enum
{
  GDK_INPUT_OUTPUT,
  GDK_INPUT_ONLY
} GdkWindowClass;

GDK_INPUT_OUTPUT windows are the standard kind of window you might expect. GDK_INPUT_ONLY windows are invisible; they are used to trap events, but you can't draw on them.

GDK_INPUT_OUTPUT window for graphics and events
GDK_INPUT_ONLY window for events only

enum GdkWindowHints

typedef enum
{
  GDK_HINT_POS	       = 1 << 0,
  GDK_HINT_MIN_SIZE    = 1 << 1,
  GDK_HINT_MAX_SIZE    = 1 << 2,
  GDK_HINT_BASE_SIZE   = 1 << 3,
  GDK_HINT_ASPECT      = 1 << 4,
  GDK_HINT_RESIZE_INC  = 1 << 5,
  GDK_HINT_WIN_GRAVITY = 1 << 6,
  GDK_HINT_USER_POS    = 1 << 7,
  GDK_HINT_USER_SIZE   = 1 << 8
} GdkWindowHints;

Used to indicate which fields of a GdkGeometry struct should be paid attention to. Also, the presence/absence of GDK_HINT_POS, GDK_HINT_USER_POS, and GDK_HINT_USER_SIZE is significant, though they don't directly refer to GdkGeometry fields. GDK_HINT_USER_POS will be set automatically by GtkWindow if you call gtk_window_move(). GDK_HINT_USER_POS and GDK_HINT_USER_SIZE should be set if the user specified a size/position using a --geometry command-line argument; gtk_window_parse_geometry() automatically sets these flags.

GDK_HINT_POS indicates that the program has positioned the window
GDK_HINT_MIN_SIZE min size fields are set
GDK_HINT_MAX_SIZE max size fields are set
GDK_HINT_BASE_SIZE base size fields are set
GDK_HINT_ASPECT aspect ratio fields are set
GDK_HINT_RESIZE_INC resize increment fields are set
GDK_HINT_WIN_GRAVITY window gravity field is set
GDK_HINT_USER_POS indicates that the window's position was explicitly set by the user
GDK_HINT_USER_SIZE indicates that the window's size was explicitly set by the user

GdkGeometry

typedef struct {
  gint min_width;
  gint min_height;
  gint max_width;
  gint max_height;
  gint base_width;
  gint base_height;
  gint width_inc;
  gint height_inc;
  gdouble min_aspect;
  gdouble max_aspect;
  GdkGravity win_gravity;
} GdkGeometry;

The GdkGeometry struct gives the window manager information about a window's geometry constraints. Normally you would set these on the GTK+ level using gtk_window_set_geometry_hints(). GtkWindow then sets the hints on the GdkWindow it creates.

gdk_window_set_geometry_hints() expects the hints to be fully valid already and simply passes them to the window manager; in contrast, gtk_window_set_geometry_hints() performs some interpretation. For example, GtkWindow will apply the hints to the geometry widget instead of the toplevel window, if you set a geometry widget. Also, the min_width/min_height/max_width/max_height fields may be set to -1, and GtkWindow will substitute the size request of the window or geometry widget. If the minimum size hint is not provided, GtkWindow will use its requisition as the minimum size. If the minimum size is provided and a geometry widget is set, GtkWindow will take the minimum size as the minimum size of the geometry widget rather than the entire window. The base size is treated similarly.

The canonical use-case for gtk_window_set_geometry_hints() is to get a terminal widget to resize properly. Here, the terminal text area should be the geometry widget; GtkWindow will then automatically set the base size to the size of other widgets in the terminal window, such as the menubar and scrollbar. Then, the width_inc and height_inc fields should be set to the size of one character in the terminal. Finally, the base size should be set to the size of one character. The net effect is that the minimum size of the terminal will have a 1x1 character terminal area, and only terminal sizes on the "character grid" will be allowed.

Here's an example of how the terminal example would be implemented, assuming a terminal area widget called "terminal" and a toplevel window "toplevel":

	GdkGeometry hints;

	hints.base_width = terminal->char_width;
        hints.base_height = terminal->char_height;
        hints.min_width = terminal->char_width;
        hints.min_height = terminal->char_height;
        hints.width_inc = terminal->char_width;
        hints.height_inc = terminal->char_height;

	gtk_window_set_geometry_hints (GTK_WINDOW (toplevel),
				       GTK_WIDGET (terminal),
 				       &hints,
				       GDK_HINT_RESIZE_INC |
                                       GDK_HINT_MIN_SIZE |
                                       GDK_HINT_BASE_SIZE);

The other useful fields are the min_aspect and max_aspect fields; these contain a width/height ratio as a floating point number. If a geometry widget is set, the aspect applies to the geometry widget rather than the entire window. The most common use of these hints is probably to set min_aspect and max_aspect to the same value, thus forcing the window to keep a constant aspect ratio.

gint min_width; minimum width of window (or -1 to use requisition, with GtkWindow only)
gint min_height; minimum height of window (or -1 to use requisition, with GtkWindow only)
gint max_width; maximum width of window (or -1 to use requisition, with GtkWindow only)
gint max_height; maximum height of window (or -1 to use requisition, with GtkWindow only)
gint base_width; allowed window widths are base_width + width_inc * N where N is any integer (-1 allowed with GtkWindow)
gint base_height; allowed window widths are base_height + height_inc * N where N is any integer (-1 allowed with GtkWindow)
gint width_inc; width resize increment
gint height_inc; height resize increment
gdouble min_aspect; minimum width/height ratio
gdouble max_aspect; maximum width/height ratio
GdkGravity win_gravity; window gravity, see gtk_window_set_gravity()

enum GdkGravity

typedef enum
{
  GDK_GRAVITY_NORTH_WEST = 1,
  GDK_GRAVITY_NORTH,
  GDK_GRAVITY_NORTH_EAST,
  GDK_GRAVITY_WEST,
  GDK_GRAVITY_CENTER,
  GDK_GRAVITY_EAST,
  GDK_GRAVITY_SOUTH_WEST,
  GDK_GRAVITY_SOUTH,
  GDK_GRAVITY_SOUTH_EAST,
  GDK_GRAVITY_STATIC
} GdkGravity;

Defines the reference point of a window and the meaning of coordinates passed to gtk_window_move(). See gtk_window_move() and the "implementation notes" section of the Extended Window Manager Hints specification for more details.

GDK_GRAVITY_NORTH_WEST the reference point is at the top left corner.
GDK_GRAVITY_NORTH the reference point is in the middle of the top edge.
GDK_GRAVITY_NORTH_EAST the reference point is at the top right corner.
GDK_GRAVITY_WEST the reference point is at the middle of the left edge.
GDK_GRAVITY_CENTER the reference point is at the center of the window.
GDK_GRAVITY_EAST the reference point is at the middle of the right edge.
GDK_GRAVITY_SOUTH_WEST the reference point is at the lower left corner.
GDK_GRAVITY_SOUTH the reference point is at the middle of the lower edge.
GDK_GRAVITY_SOUTH_EAST the reference point is at the lower right corner.
GDK_GRAVITY_STATIC the reference point is at the top left corner of the window itself, ignoring window manager decorations.

enum GdkWindowEdge

typedef enum
{
  GDK_WINDOW_EDGE_NORTH_WEST,
  GDK_WINDOW_EDGE_NORTH,
  GDK_WINDOW_EDGE_NORTH_EAST,
  GDK_WINDOW_EDGE_WEST,
  GDK_WINDOW_EDGE_EAST,
  GDK_WINDOW_EDGE_SOUTH_WEST,
  GDK_WINDOW_EDGE_SOUTH,
  GDK_WINDOW_EDGE_SOUTH_EAST  
} GdkWindowEdge;

Determines a window edge or corner.

GDK_WINDOW_EDGE_NORTH_WEST the top left corner.
GDK_WINDOW_EDGE_NORTH the top edge.
GDK_WINDOW_EDGE_NORTH_EAST the top right corner.
GDK_WINDOW_EDGE_WEST the left edge.
GDK_WINDOW_EDGE_EAST the right edge.
GDK_WINDOW_EDGE_SOUTH_WEST the lower left corner.
GDK_WINDOW_EDGE_SOUTH the lower edge.
GDK_WINDOW_EDGE_SOUTH_EAST the lower right corner.

enum GdkWindowTypeHint

typedef enum
{
  GDK_WINDOW_TYPE_HINT_NORMAL,
  GDK_WINDOW_TYPE_HINT_DIALOG,
  GDK_WINDOW_TYPE_HINT_MENU,		/* Torn off menu */
  GDK_WINDOW_TYPE_HINT_TOOLBAR,
  GDK_WINDOW_TYPE_HINT_SPLASHSCREEN,
  GDK_WINDOW_TYPE_HINT_UTILITY,
  GDK_WINDOW_TYPE_HINT_DOCK,
  GDK_WINDOW_TYPE_HINT_DESKTOP,
  GDK_WINDOW_TYPE_HINT_DROPDOWN_MENU,	/* A drop down menu (from a menubar) */
  GDK_WINDOW_TYPE_HINT_POPUP_MENU,	/* A popup menu (from right-click) */
  GDK_WINDOW_TYPE_HINT_TOOLTIP,
  GDK_WINDOW_TYPE_HINT_NOTIFICATION,
  GDK_WINDOW_TYPE_HINT_COMBO,
  GDK_WINDOW_TYPE_HINT_DND
} GdkWindowTypeHint;

These are hints for the window manager that indicate what type of function the window has. The window manager can use this when determining decoration and behaviour of the window. The hint must be set before mapping the window.

See the Extended Window Manager Hints specification for more details about window types.

GDK_WINDOW_TYPE_HINT_NORMAL Normal toplevel window.
GDK_WINDOW_TYPE_HINT_DIALOG Dialog window.
GDK_WINDOW_TYPE_HINT_MENU Window used to implement a menu; GTK+ uses this hint only for torn-off menus, see GtkTearoffMenuItem.
GDK_WINDOW_TYPE_HINT_TOOLBAR Window used to implement toolbars.
GDK_WINDOW_TYPE_HINT_SPLASHSCREEN Window used to display a splash screen during application startup.
GDK_WINDOW_TYPE_HINT_UTILITY Utility windows which are not detached toolbars or dialogs.
GDK_WINDOW_TYPE_HINT_DOCK Used for creating dock or panel windows.
GDK_WINDOW_TYPE_HINT_DESKTOP Used for creating the desktop background window.
GDK_WINDOW_TYPE_HINT_DROPDOWN_MENU A menu that belongs to a menubar.
GDK_WINDOW_TYPE_HINT_POPUP_MENU A menu that does not belong to a menubar, e.g. a context menu.
GDK_WINDOW_TYPE_HINT_TOOLTIP A tooltip.
GDK_WINDOW_TYPE_HINT_NOTIFICATION A notification - typically a "bubble" that belongs to a status icon.
GDK_WINDOW_TYPE_HINT_COMBO A popup from a combo box.
GDK_WINDOW_TYPE_HINT_DND A window that is used to implement a DND cursor.

GdkWindowAttr

typedef struct {
  gchar *title;
  gint event_mask;
  gint x, y;
  gint width;
  gint height;
  GdkWindowClass wclass;
  GdkVisual *visual;
  GdkColormap *colormap;
  GdkWindowType window_type;
  GdkCursor *cursor;
  gchar *wmclass_name;
  gchar *wmclass_class;
  gboolean override_redirect;
  GdkWindowTypeHint type_hint;
} GdkWindowAttr;

Attributes to use for a newly-created window.

gchar *title; title of the window (for toplevel windows)
gint event_mask; event mask (see gdk_window_set_events())
gint x; X coordinate relative to parent window (see gdk_window_move())
gint y; Y coordinate relative to parent window (see gdk_window_move())
gint width; width of window
gint height; height of window
GdkWindowClass wclass; GDK_INPUT_OUTPUT (normal window) or GDK_INPUT_ONLY (invisible window that receives events)
GdkVisual *visual; GdkVisual for window
GdkColormap *colormap; GdkColormap for window
GdkWindowType window_type; type of window
GdkCursor *cursor; cursor for the window (see gdk_window_set_cursor())
gchar *wmclass_name; don't use (see gtk_window_set_wmclass())
gchar *wmclass_class; don't use (see gtk_window_set_wmclass())
gboolean override_redirect; TRUE to bypass the window manager
GdkWindowTypeHint type_hint; a hint of the function of the window

enum GdkWindowAttributesType

typedef enum
{
  GDK_WA_TITLE	   = 1 << 1,
  GDK_WA_X	   = 1 << 2,
  GDK_WA_Y	   = 1 << 3,
  GDK_WA_CURSOR	   = 1 << 4,
  GDK_WA_COLORMAP  = 1 << 5,
  GDK_WA_VISUAL	   = 1 << 6,
  GDK_WA_WMCLASS   = 1 << 7,
  GDK_WA_NOREDIR   = 1 << 8,
  GDK_WA_TYPE_HINT = 1 << 9
} GdkWindowAttributesType;

Used to indicate which fields in the GdkWindowAttr struct should be honored. For example, if you filled in the "cursor" and "x" fields of GdkWindowAttr, pass "GDK_WA_X | GDK_WA_CURSOR" to gdk_window_new(). Fields in GdkWindowAttr not covered by a bit in this enum are required; for example, the width/height, wclass, and window_type fields are required, they have no corresponding flag in GdkWindowAttributesType.

GDK_WA_TITLE Honor the title field
GDK_WA_X Honor the X coordinate field
GDK_WA_Y Honor the Y coordinate field
GDK_WA_CURSOR Honor the cursor field
GDK_WA_COLORMAP Honor the colormap field
GDK_WA_VISUAL Honor the visual field
GDK_WA_WMCLASS Honor the wmclass_class and wmclass_name fields
GDK_WA_NOREDIR Honor the override_redirect field
GDK_WA_TYPE_HINT Honor the type_hint field

gdk_window_new ()

GdkWindow*          gdk_window_new                      (GdkWindow *parent,
                                                         GdkWindowAttr *attributes,
                                                         gint attributes_mask);

Creates a new GdkWindow using the attributes from attributes. See GdkWindowAttr and GdkWindowAttributesType for more details. Note: to use this on displays other than the default display, parent must be specified.

parent : a GdkWindow, or NULL to create the window as a child of the default root window for the default display.
attributes : attributes of the new window
attributes_mask : mask indicating which fields in attributes are valid
Returns : the new GdkWindow

gdk_window_destroy ()

void                gdk_window_destroy                  (GdkWindow *window);

Destroys the window system resources associated with window and decrements window's reference count. The window system resources for all children of window are also destroyed, but the children's reference counts are not decremented.

Note that a window will not be destroyed automatically when its reference count reaches zero. You must call this function yourself before that happens.

window : a GdkWindow

gdk_window_ref

#define gdk_window_ref                 gdk_drawable_ref

Warning

gdk_window_ref is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.

Deprecated equivalent of g_object_ref()

Returns : the window

gdk_window_unref

#define gdk_window_unref               gdk_drawable_unref

Warning

gdk_window_unref is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.

Deprecated equivalent of g_object_unref()


gdk_window_get_window_type ()

GdkWindowType       gdk_window_get_window_type          (GdkWindow *window);

Gets the type of the window. See GdkWindowType.

window : a GdkWindow
Returns : type of window

gdk_window_at_pointer ()

GdkWindow*          gdk_window_at_pointer               (gint *win_x,
                                                         gint *win_y);

Obtains the window underneath the mouse pointer, returning the location of that window in win_x, win_y. Returns NULL if the window under the mouse pointer is not known to GDK (if the window belongs to another application and a GdkWindow hasn't been created for it with gdk_window_foreign_new())

NOTE: For multihead-aware widgets or applications use gdk_display_get_window_at_pointer() instead.

win_x : return location for origin of the window under the pointer
win_y : return location for origin of the window under the pointer
Returns : window under the mouse pointer

gdk_window_show ()

void                gdk_window_show                     (GdkWindow *window);

Like gdk_window_show_unraised(), but also raises the window to the top of the window stack (moves the window to the front of the Z-order).

This function maps a window so it's visible onscreen. Its opposite is gdk_window_hide().

When implementing a GtkWidget, you should call this function on the widget's GdkWindow as part of the "map" method.

window : a GdkWindow

gdk_window_show_unraised ()

void                gdk_window_show_unraised            (GdkWindow *window);

Shows a GdkWindow onscreen, but does not modify its stacking order. In contrast, gdk_window_show() will raise the window to the top of the window stack.

On the X11 platform, in Xlib terms, this function calls XMapWindow() (it also updates some internal GDK state, which means that you can't really use XMapWindow() directly on a GDK window).

window : a GdkWindow

gdk_window_hide ()

void                gdk_window_hide                     (GdkWindow *window);

For toplevel windows, withdraws them, so they will no longer be known to the window manager; for all windows, unmaps them, so they won't be displayed. Normally done automatically as part of gtk_widget_hide().

window : a GdkWindow

gdk_window_is_visible ()

gboolean            gdk_window_is_visible               (GdkWindow *window);

Checks whether the window has been mapped (with gdk_window_show() or gdk_window_show_unraised()).

window : a GdkWindow
Returns : TRUE if the window is mapped

gdk_window_is_viewable ()

gboolean            gdk_window_is_viewable              (GdkWindow *window);

Check if the window and all ancestors of the window are mapped. (This is not necessarily "viewable" in the X sense, since we only check as far as we have GDK window parents, not to the root window.)

window : a GdkWindow
Returns : TRUE if the window is viewable

gdk_window_get_state ()

GdkWindowState      gdk_window_get_state                (GdkWindow *window);

Gets the bitwise OR of the currently active window state flags, from the GdkWindowState enumeration.

window : a GdkWindow
Returns : window state bitfield

gdk_window_withdraw ()

void                gdk_window_withdraw                 (GdkWindow *window);

Withdraws a window (unmaps it and asks the window manager to forget about it). This function is not really useful as gdk_window_hide() automatically withdraws toplevel windows before hiding them.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow

gdk_window_iconify ()

void                gdk_window_iconify                  (GdkWindow *window);

Asks to iconify (minimize) window. The window manager may choose to ignore the request, but normally will honor it. Using gtk_window_iconify() is preferred, if you have a GtkWindow widget.

This function only makes sense when window is a toplevel window.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow

gdk_window_deiconify ()

void                gdk_window_deiconify                (GdkWindow *window);

Attempt to deiconify (unminimize) window. On X11 the window manager may choose to ignore the request to deiconify. When using GTK+, use gtk_window_deiconify() instead of the GdkWindow variant. Or better yet, you probably want to use gtk_window_present(), which raises the window, focuses it, unminimizes it, and puts it on the current desktop.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow

gdk_window_stick ()

void                gdk_window_stick                    (GdkWindow *window);

"Pins" a window such that it's on all workspaces and does not scroll with viewports, for window managers that have scrollable viewports. (When using GtkWindow, gtk_window_stick() may be more useful.)

On the X11 platform, this function depends on window manager support, so may have no effect with many window managers. However, GDK will do the best it can to convince the window manager to stick the window. For window managers that don't support this operation, there's nothing you can do to force it to happen.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow

gdk_window_unstick ()

void                gdk_window_unstick                  (GdkWindow *window);

Reverse operation for gdk_window_stick(); see gdk_window_stick(), and gtk_window_unstick().

window : a toplevel GdkWindow

gdk_window_maximize ()

void                gdk_window_maximize                 (GdkWindow *window);

Maximizes the window. If the window was already maximized, then this function does nothing.

On X11, asks the window manager to maximize window, if the window manager supports this operation. Not all window managers support this, and some deliberately ignore it or don't have a concept of "maximized"; so you can't rely on the maximization actually happening. But it will happen with most standard window managers, and GDK makes a best effort to get it to happen.

On Windows, reliably maximizes the window.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow

gdk_window_unmaximize ()

void                gdk_window_unmaximize               (GdkWindow *window);

Unmaximizes the window. If the window wasn't maximized, then this function does nothing.

On X11, asks the window manager to unmaximize window, if the window manager supports this operation. Not all window managers support this, and some deliberately ignore it or don't have a concept of "maximized"; so you can't rely on the unmaximization actually happening. But it will happen with most standard window managers, and GDK makes a best effort to get it to happen.

On Windows, reliably unmaximizes the window.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow

gdk_window_fullscreen ()

void                gdk_window_fullscreen               (GdkWindow *window);

Moves the window into fullscreen mode. This means the window covers the entire screen and is above any panels or task bars.

If the window was already fullscreen, then this function does nothing.

On X11, asks the window manager to put window in a fullscreen state, if the window manager supports this operation. Not all window managers support this, and some deliberately ignore it or don't have a concept of "fullscreen"; so you can't rely on the fullscreenification actually happening. But it will happen with most standard window managers, and GDK makes a best effort to get it to happen.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow

Since 2.2


gdk_window_unfullscreen ()

void                gdk_window_unfullscreen             (GdkWindow *window);

Moves the window out of fullscreen mode. If the window was not fullscreen, does nothing.

On X11, asks the window manager to move window out of the fullscreen state, if the window manager supports this operation. Not all window managers support this, and some deliberately ignore it or don't have a concept of "fullscreen"; so you can't rely on the unfullscreenification actually happening. But it will happen with most standard window managers, and GDK makes a best effort to get it to happen.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow

Since 2.2


gdk_window_set_keep_above ()

void                gdk_window_set_keep_above           (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gboolean setting);

Set if window must be kept above other windows. If the window was already above, then this function does nothing.

On X11, asks the window manager to keep window above, if the window manager supports this operation. Not all window managers support this, and some deliberately ignore it or don't have a concept of "keep above"; so you can't rely on the window being kept above. But it will happen with most standard window managers, and GDK makes a best effort to get it to happen.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow
setting : whether to keep window above other windows

Since 2.4


gdk_window_set_keep_below ()

void                gdk_window_set_keep_below           (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gboolean setting);

Set if window must be kept below other windows. If the window was already below, then this function does nothing.

On X11, asks the window manager to keep window below, if the window manager supports this operation. Not all window managers support this, and some deliberately ignore it or don't have a concept of "keep below"; so you can't rely on the window being kept below. But it will happen with most standard window managers, and GDK makes a best effort to get it to happen.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow
setting : whether to keep window below other windows

Since 2.4


gdk_window_set_opacity ()

void                gdk_window_set_opacity              (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gdouble opacity);

Request the windowing system to make window partially transparent, with opacity 0 being fully transparent and 1 fully opaque. (Values of the opacity parameter are clamped to the [0,1] range.)

On X11, this works only on X screens with a compositing manager running.

For setting up per-pixel alpha, see gdk_screen_get_rgba_colormap(). For making non-toplevel windows translucent, see gdk_window_set_composited().

window : a top-level GdkWindow
opacity : opacity

Since 2.12


gdk_window_set_composited ()

void                gdk_window_set_composited           (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gboolean composited);

Sets a GdkWindow as composited, or unsets it. Composited windows do not automatically have their contents drawn to the screen. Drawing is redirected to an offscreen buffer and an expose event is emitted on the parent of the composited window. It is the responsibility of the parent's expose handler to manually merge the off-screen content onto the screen in whatever way it sees fit. See Example 7, “Composited windows” for an example.

It only makes sense for child windows to be composited; see gdk_window_set_opacity() if you need translucent toplevel windows.

An additional effect of this call is that the area of this window is no longer clipped from regions marked for invalidation on its parent. Draws done on the parent window are also no longer clipped by the child.

This call is only supported on some systems (currently, only X11 with new enough Xcomposite and Xdamage extensions). You must call gdk_display_supports_composite() to check if setting a window as composited is supported before attempting to do so.

window : a GdkWindow
composited : TRUE to set the window as composited

Since 2.12


gdk_window_move ()

void                gdk_window_move                     (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gint x,
                                                         gint y);

Repositions a window relative to its parent window. For toplevel windows, window managers may ignore or modify the move; you should probably use gtk_window_move() on a GtkWindow widget anyway, instead of using GDK functions. For child windows, the move will reliably succeed.

If you're also planning to resize the window, use gdk_window_move_resize() to both move and resize simultaneously, for a nicer visual effect.

window : a GdkWindow
x : X coordinate relative to window's parent
y : Y coordinate relative to window's parent

gdk_window_resize ()

void                gdk_window_resize                   (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gint width,
                                                         gint height);

Resizes window; for toplevel windows, asks the window manager to resize the window. The window manager may not allow the resize. When using GTK+, use gtk_window_resize() instead of this low-level GDK function.

Windows may not be resized below 1x1.

If you're also planning to move the window, use gdk_window_move_resize() to both move and resize simultaneously, for a nicer visual effect.

window : a GdkWindow
width : new width of the window
height : new height of the window

gdk_window_move_resize ()

void                gdk_window_move_resize              (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gint x,
                                                         gint y,
                                                         gint width,
                                                         gint height);

Equivalent to calling gdk_window_move() and gdk_window_resize(), except that both operations are performed at once, avoiding strange visual effects. (i.e. the user may be able to see the window first move, then resize, if you don't use gdk_window_move_resize().)

window : a GdkWindow
x : new X position relative to window's parent
y : new Y position relative to window's parent
width : new width
height : new height

gdk_window_scroll ()

void                gdk_window_scroll                   (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gint dx,
                                                         gint dy);

Scroll the contents of its window, both pixels and children, by the given amount. Portions of the window that the scroll operation brings in from offscreen areas are invalidated.

window : a GdkWindow
dx : Amount to scroll in the X direction
dy : Amount to scroll in the Y direction

gdk_window_move_region ()

void                gdk_window_move_region              (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         const GdkRegion *region,
                                                         gint dx,
                                                         gint dy);

Move the part of window indicated by region by dy pixels in the Y direction and dx pixels in the X direction. The portions of region that not covered by the new position of region are invalidated.

Child windows are not moved.

window : a GdkWindow
region : The GdkRegion to move
dx : Amount to move in the X direction
dy : Amount to move in the Y direction

Since 2.8


gdk_window_reparent ()

void                gdk_window_reparent                 (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkWindow *new_parent,
                                                         gint x,
                                                         gint y);

Reparents window into the given new_parent. The window being reparented will be unmapped as a side effect.

window : a GdkWindow
new_parent : new parent to move window into
x : X location inside the new parent
y : Y location inside the new parent

gdk_window_clear ()

void                gdk_window_clear                    (GdkWindow *window);

Clears an entire window to the background color or background pixmap.

window : a GdkWindow

gdk_window_clear_area ()

void                gdk_window_clear_area               (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gint x,
                                                         gint y,
                                                         gint width,
                                                         gint height);

Clears an area of window to the background color or background pixmap.

window : a GdkWindow
x : x coordinate of rectangle to clear
y : y coordinate of rectangle to clear
width : width of rectangle to clear
height : height of rectangle to clear

gdk_window_clear_area_e ()

void                gdk_window_clear_area_e             (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gint x,
                                                         gint y,
                                                         gint width,
                                                         gint height);

Like gdk_window_clear_area(), but also generates an expose event for the cleared area.

This function has a stupid name because it dates back to the mists time, pre-GDK-1.0.

window : a GdkWindow
x : x coordinate of rectangle to clear
y : y coordinate of rectangle to clear
width : width of rectangle to clear
height : height of rectangle to clear

gdk_window_copy_area()

#define             gdk_window_copy_area(drawable,gc,x,y,source_drawable,source_x,source_y,width,height)

Warning

gdk_window_copy_area is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.

Deprecated equivalent to gdk_draw_drawable(), see that function for docs

drawable : a GdkDrawable
gc : a GdkGC sharing the drawable's visual and colormap
x : X position in drawable where the rectangle should be drawn
y : Y position in drawable where the rectangle should be drawn
source_drawable : the source GdkDrawable, which may be the same as drawable
source_x : X position in src of rectangle to draw
source_y : Y position in src of rectangle to draw
width : width of rectangle to draw, or -1 for entire src width
height : height of rectangle to draw, or -1 for entire src height

gdk_window_raise ()

void                gdk_window_raise                    (GdkWindow *window);

Raises window to the top of the Z-order (stacking order), so that other windows with the same parent window appear below window. This is true whether or not the windows are visible.

If window is a toplevel, the window manager may choose to deny the request to move the window in the Z-order, gdk_window_raise() only requests the restack, does not guarantee it.

window : a GdkWindow

gdk_window_lower ()

void                gdk_window_lower                    (GdkWindow *window);

Lowers window to the bottom of the Z-order (stacking order), so that other windows with the same parent window appear above window. This is true whether or not the other windows are visible.

If window is a toplevel, the window manager may choose to deny the request to move the window in the Z-order, gdk_window_lower() only requests the restack, does not guarantee it.

Note that gdk_window_show() raises the window again, so don't call this function before gdk_window_show(). (Try gdk_window_show_unraised().)

window : a GdkWindow

gdk_window_focus ()

void                gdk_window_focus                    (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         guint32 timestamp);

Sets keyboard focus to window. In most cases, gtk_window_present() should be used on a GtkWindow, rather than calling this function.

window : a GdkWindow
timestamp : timestamp of the event triggering the window focus

gdk_window_register_dnd ()

void                gdk_window_register_dnd             (GdkWindow *window);

Registers a window as a potential drop destination.

window : a GdkWindow.

gdk_window_begin_resize_drag ()

void                gdk_window_begin_resize_drag        (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkWindowEdge edge,
                                                         gint button,
                                                         gint root_x,
                                                         gint root_y,
                                                         guint32 timestamp);

Begins a window resize operation (for a toplevel window). You might use this function to implement a "window resize grip," for example; in fact GtkStatusbar uses it. The function works best with window managers that support the Extended Window Manager Hints, but has a fallback implementation for other window managers.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow
edge : the edge or corner from which the drag is started
button : the button being used to drag
root_x : root window X coordinate of mouse click that began the drag
root_y : root window Y coordinate of mouse click that began the drag
timestamp : timestamp of mouse click that began the drag (use gdk_event_get_time())

gdk_window_begin_move_drag ()

void                gdk_window_begin_move_drag          (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gint button,
                                                         gint root_x,
                                                         gint root_y,
                                                         guint32 timestamp);

Begins a window move operation (for a toplevel window). You might use this function to implement a "window move grip," for example. The function works best with window managers that support the Extended Window Manager Hints, but has a fallback implementation for other window managers.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow
button : the button being used to drag
root_x : root window X coordinate of mouse click that began the drag
root_y : root window Y coordinate of mouse click that began the drag
timestamp : timestamp of mouse click that began the drag

gdk_window_constrain_size ()

void                gdk_window_constrain_size           (GdkGeometry *geometry,
                                                         guint flags,
                                                         gint width,
                                                         gint height,
                                                         gint *new_width,
                                                         gint *new_height);

Constrains a desired width and height according to a set of geometry hints (such as minimum and maximum size).

geometry : a GdkGeometry structure
flags : a mask indicating what portions of geometry are set
width : desired width of window
height : desired height of the window
new_width : location to store resulting width
new_height : location to store resulting height

gdk_window_beep ()

void                gdk_window_beep                     (GdkWindow *window);

Emits a short beep associated to window in the appropriate display, if supported. Otherwise, emits a short beep on the display just as gdk_display_beep().

window : a toplevel GdkWindow

Since 2.12


gdk_window_begin_paint_rect ()

void                gdk_window_begin_paint_rect         (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkRectangle *rectangle);

A convenience wrapper around gdk_window_begin_paint_region() which creates a rectangular region for you. See gdk_window_begin_paint_region() for details.

window : a GdkWindow
rectangle : rectangle you intend to draw to

gdk_window_begin_paint_region ()

void                gdk_window_begin_paint_region       (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkRegion *region);

Indicates that you are beginning the process of redrawing region. A backing store (offscreen buffer) large enough to contain region will be created. The backing store will be initialized with the background color or background pixmap for window. Then, all drawing operations performed on window will be diverted to the backing store. When you call gdk_window_end_paint(), the backing store will be copied to window, making it visible onscreen. Only the part of window contained in region will be modified; that is, drawing operations are clipped to region.

The net result of all this is to remove flicker, because the user sees the finished product appear all at once when you call gdk_window_end_paint(). If you draw to window directly without calling gdk_window_begin_paint_region(), the user may see flicker as individual drawing operations are performed in sequence. The clipping and background-initializing features of gdk_window_begin_paint_region() are conveniences for the programmer, so you can avoid doing that work yourself.

When using GTK+, the widget system automatically places calls to gdk_window_begin_paint_region() and gdk_window_end_paint() around emissions of the expose_event signal. That is, if you're writing an expose event handler, you can assume that the exposed area in GdkEventExpose has already been cleared to the window background, is already set as the clip region, and already has a backing store. Therefore in most cases, application code need not call gdk_window_begin_paint_region(). (You can disable the automatic calls around expose events on a widget-by-widget basis by calling gtk_widget_set_double_buffered().)

If you call this function multiple times before calling the matching gdk_window_end_paint(), the backing stores are pushed onto a stack. gdk_window_end_paint() copies the topmost backing store onscreen, subtracts the topmost region from all other regions in the stack, and pops the stack. All drawing operations affect only the topmost backing store in the stack. One matching call to gdk_window_end_paint() is required for each call to gdk_window_begin_paint_region().

window : a GdkWindow
region : region you intend to draw to

gdk_window_end_paint ()

void                gdk_window_end_paint                (GdkWindow *window);

Indicates that the backing store created by the most recent call to gdk_window_begin_paint_region() should be copied onscreen and deleted, leaving the next-most-recent backing store or no backing store at all as the active paint region. See gdk_window_begin_paint_region() for full details. It is an error to call this function without a matching gdk_window_begin_paint_region() first.

window : a GdkWindow

gdk_window_invalidate_rect ()

void                gdk_window_invalidate_rect          (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkRectangle *rect,
                                                         gboolean invalidate_children);

A convenience wrapper around gdk_window_invalidate_region() which invalidates a rectangular region. See gdk_window_invalidate_region() for details.

window : a GdkWindow
rect : rectangle to invalidate or NULL to invalidate the whole window
invalidate_children : whether to also invalidate child windows

gdk_window_invalidate_region ()

void                gdk_window_invalidate_region        (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkRegion *region,
                                                         gboolean invalidate_children);

Adds region to the update area for window. The update area is the region that needs to be redrawn, or "dirty region." The call gdk_window_process_updates() sends one or more expose events to the window, which together cover the entire update area. An application would normally redraw the contents of window in response to those expose events.

GDK will call gdk_window_process_all_updates() on your behalf whenever your program returns to the main loop and becomes idle, so normally there's no need to do that manually, you just need to invalidate regions that you know should be redrawn.

The invalidate_children parameter controls whether the region of each child window that intersects region will also be invalidated. If FALSE, then the update area for child windows will remain unaffected. See gdk_window_invalidate_maybe_recurse if you need fine grained control over which children are invalidated.

window : a GdkWindow
region : a GdkRegion
invalidate_children : TRUE to also invalidate child windows

gdk_window_invalidate_maybe_recurse ()

void                gdk_window_invalidate_maybe_recurse (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkRegion *region,
                                                         gboolean (child_funcGdkWindow *, gpointer) (),
                                                         gpointer user_data);

Adds region to the update area for window. The update area is the region that needs to be redrawn, or "dirty region." The call gdk_window_process_updates() sends one or more expose events to the window, which together cover the entire update area. An application would normally redraw the contents of window in response to those expose events.

GDK will call gdk_window_process_all_updates() on your behalf whenever your program returns to the main loop and becomes idle, so normally there's no need to do that manually, you just need to invalidate regions that you know should be redrawn.

The child_func parameter controls whether the region of each child window that intersects region will also be invalidated. Only children for which child_func returns TRUE will have the area invalidated.

window : a GdkWindow
region : a GdkRegion
child_func : function to use to decide if to recurse to a child, NULL means never recurse.
user_data : data passed to child_func

gdk_window_get_update_area ()

GdkRegion*          gdk_window_get_update_area          (GdkWindow *window);

Transfers ownership of the update area from window to the caller of the function. That is, after calling this function, window will no longer have an invalid/dirty region; the update area is removed from window and handed to you. If a window has no update area, gdk_window_get_update_area() returns NULL. You are responsible for calling gdk_region_destroy() on the returned region if it's non-NULL.

window : a GdkWindow
Returns : the update area for window

gdk_window_freeze_updates ()

void                gdk_window_freeze_updates           (GdkWindow *window);

Temporarily freezes a window such that it won't receive expose events. The window will begin receiving expose events again when gdk_window_thaw_updates() is called. If gdk_window_freeze_updates() has been called more than once, gdk_window_thaw_updates() must be called an equal number of times to begin processing exposes.

window : a GdkWindow

gdk_window_thaw_updates ()

void                gdk_window_thaw_updates             (GdkWindow *window);

Thaws a window frozen with gdk_window_freeze_updates().

window : a GdkWindow

gdk_window_process_all_updates ()

void                gdk_window_process_all_updates      (void);

Calls gdk_window_process_updates() for all windows (see GdkWindow) in the application.


gdk_window_process_updates ()

void                gdk_window_process_updates          (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gboolean update_children);

Sends one or more expose events to window. The areas in each expose event will cover the entire update area for the window (see gdk_window_invalidate_region() for details). Normally GDK calls gdk_window_process_all_updates() on your behalf, so there's no need to call this function unless you want to force expose events to be delivered immediately and synchronously (vs. the usual case, where GDK delivers them in an idle handler). Occasionally this is useful to produce nicer scrolling behavior, for example.

window : a GdkWindow
update_children : whether to also process updates for child windows

gdk_window_set_debug_updates ()

void                gdk_window_set_debug_updates        (gboolean setting);

With update debugging enabled, calls to gdk_window_invalidate_region() clear the invalidated region of the screen to a noticeable color, and GDK pauses for a short time before sending exposes to windows during gdk_window_process_updates(). The net effect is that you can see the invalid region for each window and watch redraws as they occur. This allows you to diagnose inefficiencies in your application.

In essence, because the GDK rendering model prevents all flicker, if you are redrawing the same region 400 times you may never notice, aside from noticing a speed problem. Enabling update debugging causes GTK to flicker slowly and noticeably, so you can see exactly what's being redrawn when, in what order.

The --gtk-debug=updates command line option passed to GTK+ programs enables this debug option at application startup time. That's usually more useful than calling gdk_window_set_debug_updates() yourself, though you might want to use this function to enable updates sometime after application startup time.

setting : TRUE to turn on update debugging

gdk_window_get_internal_paint_info ()

void                gdk_window_get_internal_paint_info  (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkDrawable **real_drawable,
                                                         gint *x_offset,
                                                         gint *y_offset);

If you bypass the GDK layer and use windowing system primitives to draw directly onto a GdkWindow, then you need to deal with two details: there may be an offset between GDK coordinates and windowing system coordinates, and GDK may have redirected drawing to a offscreen pixmap as the result of a gdk_window_begin_paint_region() calls. This function allows retrieving the information you need to compensate for these effects.

This function exposes details of the GDK implementation, and is thus likely to change in future releases of GDK.

window : a GdkWindow
real_drawable : location to store the drawable to which drawing should be done.
x_offset : location to store the X offset between coordinates in window, and the underlying window system primitive coordinates for *real_drawable.
y_offset : location to store the Y offset between coordinates in window, and the underlying window system primitive coordinates for *real_drawable.

gdk_window_enable_synchronized_configure ()

void                gdk_window_enable_synchronized_configure
                                                        (GdkWindow *window);

Indicates that the application will cooperate with the window system in synchronizing the window repaint with the window manager during resizing operations. After an application calls this function, it must call gdk_window_configure_finished() every time it has finished all processing associated with a set of Configure events. Toplevel GTK+ windows automatically use this protocol.

On X, calling this function makes window participate in the _NET_WM_SYNC_REQUEST window manager protocol.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow

Since 2.6


gdk_window_configure_finished ()

void                gdk_window_configure_finished       (GdkWindow *window);

Signal to the window system that the application has finished handling Configure events it has received. Window Managers can use this to better synchronize the frame repaint with the application. GTK+ applications will automatically call this function when appropriate.

This function can only be called if gdk_window_enable_synchronized_configure() was called previously.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow

Since 2.6


gdk_window_set_user_data ()

void                gdk_window_set_user_data            (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gpointer user_data);

For most purposes this function is deprecated in favor of g_object_set_data(). However, for historical reasons GTK+ stores the GtkWidget that owns a GdkWindow as user data on the GdkWindow. So, custom widget implementations should use this function for that. If GTK+ receives an event for a GdkWindow, and the user data for the window is non-NULL, GTK+ will assume the user data is a GtkWidget, and forward the event to that widget.

window : a GdkWindow
user_data : user data

gdk_window_set_override_redirect ()

void                gdk_window_set_override_redirect    (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gboolean override_redirect);

An override redirect window is not under the control of the window manager. This means it won't have a titlebar, won't be minimizable, etc. - it will be entirely under the control of the application. The window manager can't see the override redirect window at all.

Override redirect should only be used for short-lived temporary windows, such as popup menus. GtkMenu uses an override redirect window in its implementation, for example.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow
override_redirect : TRUE if window should be override redirect

gdk_window_set_accept_focus ()

void                gdk_window_set_accept_focus         (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gboolean accept_focus);

Setting accept_focus to FALSE hints the desktop environment that the window doesn't want to receive input focus.

On X, it is the responsibility of the window manager to interpret this hint. ICCCM-compliant window manager usually respect it.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow
accept_focus : TRUE if the window should receive input focus

Since 2.4


gdk_window_set_focus_on_map ()

void                gdk_window_set_focus_on_map         (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gboolean focus_on_map);

Setting focus_on_map to FALSE hints the desktop environment that the window doesn't want to receive input focus when it is mapped. focus_on_map should be turned off for windows that aren't triggered interactively (such as popups from network activity).

On X, it is the responsibility of the window manager to interpret this hint. Window managers following the freedesktop.org window manager extension specification should respect it.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow
focus_on_map : TRUE if the window should receive input focus when mapped

Since 2.6


gdk_window_add_filter ()

void                gdk_window_add_filter               (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkFilterFunc function,
                                                         gpointer data);

Adds an event filter to window, allowing you to intercept events before they reach GDK. This is a low-level operation and makes it easy to break GDK and/or GTK+, so you have to know what you're doing. Pass NULL for window to get all events for all windows, instead of events for a specific window.

See gdk_display_add_client_message_filter() if you are interested in X ClientMessage events.

window : a GdkWindow
function : filter callback
data : data to pass to filter callback

gdk_window_remove_filter ()

void                gdk_window_remove_filter            (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkFilterFunc function,
                                                         gpointer data);

Remove a filter previously added with gdk_window_add_filter().

window : a GdkWindow
function : previously-added filter function
data : user data for previously-added filter function

GdkFilterFunc ()

GdkFilterReturn     (*GdkFilterFunc)                    (GdkXEvent *xevent,
                                                         GdkEvent *event,
                                                         gpointer data);

Specifies the type of function used to filter native events before they are converted to GDK events.

When a filter is called, event is unpopulated, except for event->window. The filter may translate the native event to a GDK event and store the result in event, or handle it without translation. If the filter translates the event and processing should continue, it should return GDK_FILTER_TRANSLATE.

xevent : the native event to filter.
event : the GDK event to which the X event will be translated.
data : user data set when the filter was installed.
Returns : a GdkFilterReturn value.

enum GdkFilterReturn

typedef enum {
  GDK_FILTER_CONTINUE,	  /* Event not handled, continue processesing */
  GDK_FILTER_TRANSLATE,	  /* Native event translated into a GDK event and
                             stored in the "event" structure that was
                             passed in */
  GDK_FILTER_REMOVE	  /* Terminate processing, removing event */
} GdkFilterReturn;

Specifies the result of applying a GdkFilterFunc to a native event.

GDK_FILTER_CONTINUE event not handled, continue processing.
GDK_FILTER_TRANSLATE native event translated into a GDK event and stored in the event structure that was passed in.
GDK_FILTER_REMOVE event handled, terminate processing.

GdkXEvent

typedef void GdkXEvent;	  /* Can be cast to window system specific

Used to represent native events (XEvents for the X11 backend, MSGs for Win32).


gdk_window_shape_combine_mask ()

void                gdk_window_shape_combine_mask       (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkBitmap *mask,
                                                         gint x,
                                                         gint y);

Applies a shape mask to window. Pixels in window corresponding to set bits in the mask will be visible; pixels in window corresponding to unset bits in the mask will be transparent. This gives a non-rectangular window.

If mask is NULL, the shape mask will be unset, and the x/y parameters are not used.

On the X11 platform, this uses an X server extension which is widely available on most common platforms, but not available on very old X servers, and occasionally the implementation will be buggy. On servers without the shape extension, this function will do nothing.

This function works on both toplevel and child windows.

window : a GdkWindow
mask : shape mask
x : X position of shape mask with respect to window
y : Y position of shape mask with respect to window

gdk_window_shape_combine_region ()

void                gdk_window_shape_combine_region     (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         const GdkRegion *shape_region,
                                                         gint offset_x,
                                                         gint offset_y);

Makes pixels in window outside shape_region be transparent, so that the window may be nonrectangular. See also gdk_window_shape_combine_mask() to use a bitmap as the mask.

If shape_region is NULL, the shape will be unset, so the whole window will be opaque again. offset_x and offset_y are ignored if shape_region is NULL.

On the X11 platform, this uses an X server extension which is widely available on most common platforms, but not available on very old X servers, and occasionally the implementation will be buggy. On servers without the shape extension, this function will do nothing.

This function works on both toplevel and child windows.

window : a GdkWindow
shape_region : region of window to be non-transparent
offset_x : X position of shape_region in window coordinates
offset_y : Y position of shape_region in window coordinates

gdk_window_set_child_shapes ()

void                gdk_window_set_child_shapes         (GdkWindow *window);

Sets the shape mask of window to the union of shape masks for all children of window, ignoring the shape mask of window itself. Contrast with gdk_window_merge_child_shapes() which includes the shape mask of window in the masks to be merged.

window : a GdkWindow

gdk_window_merge_child_shapes ()

void                gdk_window_merge_child_shapes       (GdkWindow *window);

Merges the shape masks for any child windows into the shape mask for window. i.e. the union of all masks for window and its children will become the new mask for window. See gdk_window_shape_combine_mask().

This function is distinct from gdk_window_set_child_shapes() because it includes window's shape mask in the set of shapes to be merged.

window : a GdkWindow

gdk_window_input_shape_combine_mask ()

void                gdk_window_input_shape_combine_mask (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkBitmap *mask,
                                                         gint x,
                                                         gint y);

Like gdk_window_shape_combine_mask(), but the shape applies only to event handling. Mouse events which happen while the pointer position corresponds to an unset bit in the mask will be passed on the window below window.

An input shape is typically used with RGBA windows. The alpha channel of the window defines which pixels are invisible and allows for nicely antialiased borders, and the input shape controls where the window is "clickable".

On the X11 platform, this requires version 1.1 of the shape extension.

On the Win32 platform, this functionality is not present and the function does nothing.

window : a GdkWindow
mask : shape mask
x : X position of shape mask with respect to window
y : Y position of shape mask with respect to window

Since 2.10


gdk_window_input_shape_combine_region ()

void                gdk_window_input_shape_combine_region
                                                        (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkRegion *shape_region,
                                                         gint offset_x,
                                                         gint offset_y);

Like gdk_window_shape_combine_region(), but the shape applies only to event handling. Mouse events which happen while the pointer position corresponds to an unset bit in the mask will be passed on the window below window.

An input shape is typically used with RGBA windows. The alpha channel of the window defines which pixels are invisible and allows for nicely antialiased borders, and the input shape controls where the window is "clickable".

On the X11 platform, this requires version 1.1 of the shape extension.

On the Win32 platform, this functionality is not present and the function does nothing.

window : a GdkWindow
shape_region : region of window to be non-transparent
offset_x : X position of shape_region in window coordinates
offset_y : Y position of shape_region in window coordinates

Since 2.10


gdk_window_set_child_input_shapes ()

void                gdk_window_set_child_input_shapes   (GdkWindow *window);

Sets the input shape mask of window to the union of input shape masks for all children of window, ignoring the input shape mask of window itself. Contrast with gdk_window_merge_child_input_shapes() which includes the input shape mask of window in the masks to be merged.

window : a GdkWindow

Since 2.10


gdk_window_merge_child_input_shapes ()

void                gdk_window_merge_child_input_shapes (GdkWindow *window);

Merges the input shape masks for any child windows into the input shape mask for window. i.e. the union of all input masks for window and its children will become the new input mask for window. See gdk_window_input_shape_combine_mask().

This function is distinct from gdk_window_set_child_input_shapes() because it includes window's input shape mask in the set of shapes to be merged.

window : a GdkWindow

Since 2.10


gdk_window_set_static_gravities ()

gboolean            gdk_window_set_static_gravities     (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gboolean use_static);

Set the bit gravity of the given window to static, and flag it so all children get static subwindow gravity. This is used if you are implementing scary features that involve deep knowledge of the windowing system. Don't worry about it unless you have to.

window : a GdkWindow
use_static : TRUE to turn on static gravity
Returns : TRUE if the server supports static gravity

gdk_window_set_hints ()

void                gdk_window_set_hints                (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gint x,
                                                         gint y,
                                                         gint min_width,
                                                         gint min_height,
                                                         gint max_width,
                                                         gint max_height,
                                                         gint flags);

Warning

gdk_window_set_hints is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.

This function is broken and useless and you should ignore it. If using GTK+, use functions such as gtk_window_resize(), gtk_window_set_size_request(), gtk_window_move(), gtk_window_parse_geometry(), and gtk_window_set_geometry_hints(), depending on what you're trying to do.

If using GDK directly, use gdk_window_set_geometry_hints().

window : a GdkWindow
x : ignored field, does not matter
y : ignored field, does not matter
min_width : minimum width hint
min_height : minimum height hint
max_width : max width hint
max_height : max height hint
flags : logical OR of GDK_HINT_POS, GDK_HINT_MIN_SIZE, and/or GDK_HINT_MAX_SIZE

gdk_window_set_title ()

void                gdk_window_set_title                (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         const gchar *title);

Sets the title of a toplevel window, to be displayed in the titlebar. If you haven't explicitly set the icon name for the window (using gdk_window_set_icon_name()), the icon name will be set to title as well. title must be in UTF-8 encoding (as with all user-readable strings in GDK/GTK+). title may not be NULL.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow
title : title of window

gdk_window_set_background ()

void                gdk_window_set_background           (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         const GdkColor *color);

Sets the background color of window. (However, when using GTK+, set the background of a widget with gtk_widget_modify_bg() - if you're an application - or gtk_style_set_background() - if you're implementing a custom widget.)

The color must be allocated; gdk_rgb_find_color() is the best way to allocate a color.

See also gdk_window_set_back_pixmap().

window : a GdkWindow
color : an allocated GdkColor

gdk_window_set_back_pixmap ()

void                gdk_window_set_back_pixmap          (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkPixmap *pixmap,
                                                         gboolean parent_relative);

Sets the background pixmap of window. May also be used to set a background of "None" on window, by setting a background pixmap of NULL.

A background pixmap will be tiled, positioning the first tile at the origin of window, or if parent_relative is TRUE, the tiling will be done based on the origin of the parent window (useful to align tiles in a parent with tiles in a child).

A background pixmap of NULL means that the window will have no background. A window with no background will never have its background filled by the windowing system, instead the window will contain whatever pixels were already in the corresponding area of the display.

The windowing system will normally fill a window with its background when the window is obscured then exposed, and when you call gdk_window_clear().

window : a GdkWindow
pixmap : a GdkPixmap, or NULL
parent_relative : whether the tiling origin is at the origin of window's parent

GDK_PARENT_RELATIVE

#define GDK_PARENT_RELATIVE  1L

A special value for GdkPixmap* variables, indicating that the background pixmap for a window should be inherited from the parent window.


gdk_window_set_cursor ()

void                gdk_window_set_cursor               (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkCursor *cursor);

Sets the mouse pointer for a GdkWindow. Use gdk_cursor_new() or gdk_cursor_new_from_pixmap() to create the cursor. To make the cursor invisible, use gdk_cursor_new_from_pixmap() to create a cursor with no pixels in it. Passing NULL for the cursor argument to gdk_window_set_cursor() means that window will use the cursor of its parent window. Most windows should use this default.

window : a GdkWindow
cursor : a cursor

gdk_window_set_colormap

#define gdk_window_set_colormap        gdk_drawable_set_colormap

Warning

gdk_window_set_colormap is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.

Deprecated equivalent to gdk_drawable_set_colormap()


gdk_window_get_user_data ()

void                gdk_window_get_user_data            (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gpointer *data);

Retrieves the user data for window, which is normally the widget that window belongs to. See gdk_window_set_user_data().

window : a GdkWindow
data : return location for user data

gdk_window_get_geometry ()

void                gdk_window_get_geometry             (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gint *x,
                                                         gint *y,
                                                         gint *width,
                                                         gint *height,
                                                         gint *depth);

Any of the return location arguments to this function may be NULL, if you aren't interested in getting the value of that field.

The X and Y coordinates returned are relative to the parent window of window, which for toplevels usually means relative to the window decorations (titlebar, etc.) rather than relative to the root window (screen-size background window).

On the X11 platform, the geometry is obtained from the X server, so reflects the latest position of window; this may be out-of-sync with the position of window delivered in the most-recently-processed GdkEventConfigure. gdk_window_get_position() in contrast gets the position from the most recent configure event.

Note

If window is not a toplevel, it is much better to call gdk_window_get_position() and gdk_drawable_get_size() instead, because it avoids the roundtrip to the X server and because gdk_drawable_get_size() supports the full 32-bit coordinate space, whereas gdk_window_get_geometry() is restricted to the 16-bit coordinates of X11.

window : a GdkWindow
x : return location for X coordinate of window (relative to its parent)
y : return location for Y coordinate of window (relative to its parent)
width : return location for width of window
height : return location for height of window
depth : return location for bit depth of window

gdk_window_set_geometry_hints ()

void                gdk_window_set_geometry_hints       (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkGeometry *geometry,
                                                         GdkWindowHints geom_mask);

Sets the geometry hints for window. Hints flagged in geom_mask are set, hints not flagged in geom_mask are unset. To unset all hints, use a geom_mask of 0 and a geometry of NULL.

This function provides hints to the windowing system about acceptable sizes for a toplevel window. The purpose of this is to constrain user resizing, but the windowing system will typically (but is not required to) also constrain the current size of the window to the provided values and constrain programatic resizing via gdk_window_resize() or gdk_window_move_resize().

Note that on X11, this effect has no effect on windows of type GDK_WINDOW_TEMP or windows where override redirect has been turned on via gdk_window_set_override_redirect() since these windows are not resizable by the user.

Since you can't count on the windowing system doing the constraints for programmatic resizes, you should generally call gdk_window_constrain_size() yourself to determine appropriate sizes.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow
geometry : geometry hints
geom_mask : bitmask indicating fields of geometry to pay attention to

gdk_window_set_icon_list ()

void                gdk_window_set_icon_list            (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GList *pixbufs);

Sets a list of icons for the window. One of these will be used to represent the window when it has been iconified. The icon is usually shown in an icon box or some sort of task bar. Which icon size is shown depends on the window manager. The window manager can scale the icon but setting several size icons can give better image quality since the window manager may only need to scale the icon by a small amount or not at all.

window : The GdkWindow toplevel window to set the icon of.
pixbufs : A list of pixbufs, of different sizes.

gdk_window_set_modal_hint ()

void                gdk_window_set_modal_hint           (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gboolean modal);

The application can use this hint to tell the window manager that a certain window has modal behaviour. The window manager can use this information to handle modal windows in a special way.

You should only use this on windows for which you have previously called gdk_window_set_transient_for()

window : A toplevel GdkWindow
modal : TRUE if the window is modal, FALSE otherwise.

gdk_window_set_type_hint ()

void                gdk_window_set_type_hint            (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkWindowTypeHint hint);

The application can use this call to provide a hint to the window manager about the functionality of a window. The window manager can use this information when determining the decoration and behaviour of the window.

The hint must be set before the window is mapped.

window : A toplevel GdkWindow
hint : A hint of the function this window will have

gdk_window_get_type_hint ()

GdkWindowTypeHint   gdk_window_get_type_hint            (GdkWindow *window);

This function returns the type hint set for a window.

window : A toplevel GdkWindow
Returns : The type hint set for window

Since 2.10


gdk_window_set_skip_taskbar_hint ()

void                gdk_window_set_skip_taskbar_hint    (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gboolean skips_taskbar);

Toggles whether a window should appear in a task list or window list. If a window's semantic type as specified with gdk_window_set_type_hint() already fully describes the window, this function should not be called in addition, instead you should allow the window to be treated according to standard policy for its semantic type.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow
skips_taskbar : TRUE to skip the taskbar

Since 2.2


gdk_window_set_skip_pager_hint ()

void                gdk_window_set_skip_pager_hint      (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gboolean skips_pager);

Toggles whether a window should appear in a pager (workspace switcher, or other desktop utility program that displays a small thumbnail representation of the windows on the desktop). If a window's semantic type as specified with gdk_window_set_type_hint() already fully describes the window, this function should not be called in addition, instead you should allow the window to be treated according to standard policy for its semantic type.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow
skips_pager : TRUE to skip the pager

Since 2.2


gdk_window_set_urgency_hint ()

void                gdk_window_set_urgency_hint         (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gboolean urgent);

Toggles whether a window needs the user's urgent attention.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow
urgent : TRUE if the window is urgent

Since 2.8


gdk_window_get_position ()

void                gdk_window_get_position             (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gint *x,
                                                         gint *y);

Obtains the position of the window as reported in the most-recently-processed GdkEventConfigure. Contrast with gdk_window_get_geometry() which queries the X server for the current window position, regardless of which events have been received or processed.

The position coordinates are relative to the window's parent window.

window : a GdkWindow
x : X coordinate of window
y : Y coordinate of window

gdk_window_get_root_origin ()

void                gdk_window_get_root_origin          (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gint *x,
                                                         gint *y);

Obtains the top-left corner of the window manager frame in root window coordinates.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow
x : return location for X position of window frame
y : return location for Y position of window frame

gdk_window_get_frame_extents ()

void                gdk_window_get_frame_extents        (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkRectangle *rect);

Obtains the bounding box of the window, including window manager titlebar/borders if any. The frame position is given in root window coordinates. To get the position of the window itself (rather than the frame) in root window coordinates, use gdk_window_get_origin().

window : a GdkWindow
rect : rectangle to fill with bounding box of the window frame

gdk_window_get_size

#define gdk_window_get_size            gdk_drawable_get_size

Warning

gdk_window_get_size is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.

Deprecated equivalent of gdk_drawable_get_size().


gdk_window_get_visual

#define gdk_window_get_visual          gdk_drawable_get_visual

Warning

gdk_window_get_visual is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.

Deprecated equivalent of gdk_drawable_get_visual().

Returns : the GdkVisual of the window

gdk_window_get_colormap

#define gdk_window_get_colormap        gdk_drawable_get_colormap

Warning

gdk_window_get_colormap is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.

Deprecated equivalent of gdk_drawable_get_colormap().

Returns : colormap for the window

gdk_window_get_type

#define gdk_window_get_type            gdk_window_get_window_type

Warning

gdk_window_get_type is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.

Deprecated equivalent of gdk_drawable_get_type().

Returns : type of drawable

gdk_window_get_origin ()

gint                gdk_window_get_origin               (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gint *x,
                                                         gint *y);

Obtains the position of a window in root window coordinates. (Compare with gdk_window_get_position() and gdk_window_get_geometry() which return the position of a window relative to its parent window.)

window : a GdkWindow
x : return location for X coordinate
y : return location for Y coordinate
Returns : not meaningful, ignore

gdk_window_get_deskrelative_origin ()

gboolean            gdk_window_get_deskrelative_origin  (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gint *x,
                                                         gint *y);

Warning

gdk_window_get_deskrelative_origin is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.

This gets the origin of a GdkWindow relative to an Enlightenment-window-manager desktop. As long as you don't assume that the user's desktop/workspace covers the entire root window (i.e. you don't assume that the desktop begins at root window coordinate 0,0) this function is not necessary. It's deprecated for that reason.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow
x : return location for X coordinate
y : return location for Y coordinate
Returns : not meaningful

gdk_window_get_pointer ()

GdkWindow*          gdk_window_get_pointer              (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         gint *x,
                                                         gint *y,
                                                         GdkModifierType *mask);

Obtains the current pointer position and modifier state. The position is given in coordinates relative to the upper left corner of window.

window : a GdkWindow
x : return location for X coordinate of pointer or NULL to not return the X coordinate
y : return location for Y coordinate of pointer or NULL to not return the Y coordinate
mask : return location for modifier mask or NULL to not return the modifier mask
Returns : the window containing the pointer (as with gdk_window_at_pointer()), or NULL if the window containing the pointer isn't known to GDK

enum GdkModifierType

typedef enum
{
  GDK_SHIFT_MASK    = 1 << 0,
  GDK_LOCK_MASK	    = 1 << 1,
  GDK_CONTROL_MASK  = 1 << 2,
  GDK_MOD1_MASK	    = 1 << 3,
  GDK_MOD2_MASK	    = 1 << 4,
  GDK_MOD3_MASK	    = 1 << 5,
  GDK_MOD4_MASK	    = 1 << 6,
  GDK_MOD5_MASK	    = 1 << 7,
  GDK_BUTTON1_MASK  = 1 << 8,
  GDK_BUTTON2_MASK  = 1 << 9,
  GDK_BUTTON3_MASK  = 1 << 10,
  GDK_BUTTON4_MASK  = 1 << 11,
  GDK_BUTTON5_MASK  = 1 << 12,

  /* The next few modifiers are used by XKB, so we skip to the end.
   * Bits 15 - 25 are currently unused. Bit 29 is used internally.
   */
  
  GDK_SUPER_MASK    = 1 << 26,
  GDK_HYPER_MASK    = 1 << 27,
  GDK_META_MASK     = 1 << 28,
  
  GDK_RELEASE_MASK  = 1 << 30,

  GDK_MODIFIER_MASK = 0x5c001fff
} GdkModifierType;

A set of bit-flags to indicate the state of modifier keys and mouse buttons in various event types. Typical modifier keys are Shift, Control, Meta, Super, Hyper, Alt, Compose, Apple, CapsLock or ShiftLock.

Like the X Window System, GDK supports 8 modifier keys and 5 mouse buttons.

Since 2.10, GDK recognizes which of the Meta, Super or Hyper keys are mapped to Mod2 - Mod5, and indicates this by setting GDK_SUPER_MASK, GDK_HYPER_MASK or GDK_META_MASK in the state field of key events.

GDK_SHIFT_MASK the Shift key.
GDK_LOCK_MASK a Lock key (depending on the modifier mapping of the X server this may either be CapsLock or ShiftLock).
GDK_CONTROL_MASK the Control key.
GDK_MOD1_MASK the fourth modifier key (it depends on the modifier mapping of the X server which key is interpreted as this modifier, but normally it is the Alt key).
GDK_MOD2_MASK the fifth modifier key (it depends on the modifier mapping of the X server which key is interpreted as this modifier).
GDK_MOD3_MASK the sixth modifier key (it depends on the modifier mapping of the X server which key is interpreted as this modifier).
GDK_MOD4_MASK the seventh modifier key (it depends on the modifier mapping of the X server which key is interpreted as this modifier).
GDK_MOD5_MASK the eighth modifier key (it depends on the modifier mapping of the X server which key is interpreted as this modifier).
GDK_BUTTON1_MASK the first mouse button.
GDK_BUTTON2_MASK the second mouse button.
GDK_BUTTON3_MASK the third mouse button.
GDK_BUTTON4_MASK the fourth mouse button.
GDK_BUTTON5_MASK the fifth mouse button.
GDK_SUPER_MASK the Super modifier. Since 2.10
GDK_HYPER_MASK the Hyper modifier. Since 2.10
GDK_META_MASK the Meta modifier. Since 2.10
GDK_RELEASE_MASK not used in GDK itself. GTK+ uses it to differentiate between (keyval, modifiers) pairs from key press and release events.
GDK_MODIFIER_MASK a mask covering all modifier types.

gdk_window_get_parent ()

GdkWindow*          gdk_window_get_parent               (GdkWindow *window);

Obtains the parent of window, as known to GDK. Does not query the X server; thus this returns the parent as passed to gdk_window_new(), not the actual parent. This should never matter unless you're using Xlib calls mixed with GDK calls on the X11 platform. It may also matter for toplevel windows, because the window manager may choose to reparent them.

window : a GdkWindow
Returns : parent of window

gdk_window_get_toplevel ()

GdkWindow*          gdk_window_get_toplevel             (GdkWindow *window);

Gets the toplevel window that's an ancestor of window.

window : a GdkWindow
Returns : the toplevel window containing window

gdk_window_get_children ()

GList*              gdk_window_get_children             (GdkWindow *window);

Gets the list of children of window known to GDK. This function only returns children created via GDK, so for example it's useless when used with the root window; it only returns windows an application created itself.

The returned list must be freed, but the elements in the list need not be.

window : a GdkWindow
Returns : list of child windows inside window

gdk_window_peek_children ()

GList*              gdk_window_peek_children            (GdkWindow *window);

Like gdk_window_get_children(), but does not copy the list of children, so the list does not need to be freed.

window : a GdkWindow
Returns : a reference to the list of child windows in window

gdk_window_get_events ()

GdkEventMask        gdk_window_get_events               (GdkWindow *window);

Gets the event mask for window. See gdk_window_set_events().

window : a GdkWindow
Returns : event mask for window

gdk_window_set_events ()

void                gdk_window_set_events               (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkEventMask event_mask);

The event mask for a window determines which events will be reported for that window. For example, an event mask including GDK_BUTTON_PRESS_MASK means the window should report button press events. The event mask is the bitwise OR of values from the GdkEventMask enumeration.

window : a GdkWindow
event_mask : event mask for window

gdk_window_set_icon ()

void                gdk_window_set_icon                 (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkWindow *icon_window,
                                                         GdkPixmap *pixmap,
                                                         GdkBitmap *mask);

Sets the icon of window as a pixmap or window. If using GTK+, investigate gtk_window_set_default_icon_list() first, and then gtk_window_set_icon_list() and gtk_window_set_icon(). If those don't meet your needs, look at gdk_window_set_icon_list(). Only if all those are too high-level do you want to fall back to gdk_window_set_icon().

window : a toplevel GdkWindow
icon_window : a GdkWindow to use for the icon, or NULL to unset
pixmap : a GdkPixmap to use as the icon, or NULL to unset
mask : a 1-bit pixmap (GdkBitmap) to use as mask for pixmap, or NULL to have none

gdk_window_set_icon_name ()

void                gdk_window_set_icon_name            (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         const gchar *name);

Windows may have a name used while minimized, distinct from the name they display in their titlebar. Most of the time this is a bad idea from a user interface standpoint. But you can set such a name with this function, if you like.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow
name : name of window while iconified (minimized)

gdk_window_set_transient_for ()

void                gdk_window_set_transient_for        (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkWindow *parent);

Indicates to the window manager that window is a transient dialog associated with the application window parent. This allows the window manager to do things like center window on parent and keep window above parent.

See gtk_window_set_transient_for() if you're using GtkWindow or GtkDialog.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow
parent : another toplevel GdkWindow

gdk_window_set_role ()

void                gdk_window_set_role                 (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         const gchar *role);

When using GTK+, typically you should use gtk_window_set_role() instead of this low-level function.

The window manager and session manager use a window's role to distinguish it from other kinds of window in the same application. When an application is restarted after being saved in a previous session, all windows with the same title and role are treated as interchangeable. So if you have two windows with the same title that should be distinguished for session management purposes, you should set the role on those windows. It doesn't matter what string you use for the role, as long as you have a different role for each non-interchangeable kind of window.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow
role : a string indicating its role

gdk_window_set_startup_id ()

void                gdk_window_set_startup_id           (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         const gchar *startup_id);

When using GTK+, typically you should use gtk_window_set_startup_id() instead of this low-level function.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow
startup_id : a string with startup-notification identifier

Since 2.12


gdk_window_set_group ()

void                gdk_window_set_group                (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkWindow *leader);

Sets the group leader window for window. By default, GDK sets the group leader for all toplevel windows to a global window implicitly created by GDK. With this function you can override this default.

The group leader window allows the window manager to distinguish all windows that belong to a single application. It may for example allow users to minimize/unminimize all windows belonging to an application at once. You should only set a non-default group window if your application pretends to be multiple applications.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow
leader : group leader window, or NULL to restore the default group leader window

gdk_window_get_group ()

GdkWindow*          gdk_window_get_group                (GdkWindow *window);

Returns the group leader window for window. See gdk_window_set_group().

window : a toplevel GdkWindow
Returns : the group leader window for window

Since 2.4


gdk_window_set_decorations ()

void                gdk_window_set_decorations          (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkWMDecoration decorations);

"Decorations" are the features the window manager adds to a toplevel GdkWindow. This function sets the traditional Motif window manager hints that tell the window manager which decorations you would like your window to have. Usually you should use gtk_window_set_decorated() on a GtkWindow instead of using the GDK function directly.

The decorations argument is the logical OR of the fields in the GdkWMDecoration enumeration. If GDK_DECOR_ALL is included in the mask, the other bits indicate which decorations should be turned off. If GDK_DECOR_ALL is not included, then the other bits indicate which decorations should be turned on.

Most window managers honor a decorations hint of 0 to disable all decorations, but very few honor all possible combinations of bits.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow
decorations : decoration hint mask

gdk_window_get_decorations ()

gboolean            gdk_window_get_decorations          (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkWMDecoration *decorations);

Returns the decorations set on the GdkWindow with gdk_window_set_decorations

window : The toplevel GdkWindow to get the decorations from
decorations : The window decorations will be written here
Returns : TRUE if the window has decorations set, FALSE otherwise.

enum GdkWMDecoration

typedef enum
{
  GDK_DECOR_ALL		= 1 << 0,
  GDK_DECOR_BORDER	= 1 << 1,
  GDK_DECOR_RESIZEH	= 1 << 2,
  GDK_DECOR_TITLE	= 1 << 3,
  GDK_DECOR_MENU	= 1 << 4,
  GDK_DECOR_MINIMIZE	= 1 << 5,
  GDK_DECOR_MAXIMIZE	= 1 << 6
} GdkWMDecoration;

These are hints originally defined by the Motif toolkit. The window manager can use them when determining how to decorate the window. The hint must be set before mapping the window.

GDK_DECOR_ALL all decorations should be applied.
GDK_DECOR_BORDER a frame should be drawn around the window.
GDK_DECOR_RESIZEH the frame should have resize handles.
GDK_DECOR_TITLE a titlebar should be placed above the window.
GDK_DECOR_MENU a button for opening a menu should be included.
GDK_DECOR_MINIMIZE a minimize button should be included.
GDK_DECOR_MAXIMIZE a maximize button should be included.

gdk_window_set_functions ()

void                gdk_window_set_functions            (GdkWindow *window,
                                                         GdkWMFunction functions);

Sets hints about the window management functions to make available via buttons on the window frame.

On the X backend, this function sets the traditional Motif window manager hint for this purpose. However, few window managers do anything reliable or interesting with this hint. Many ignore it entirely.

The functions argument is the logical OR of values from the GdkWMFunction enumeration. If the bitmask includes GDK_FUNC_ALL, then the other bits indicate which functions to disable; if it doesn't include GDK_FUNC_ALL, it indicates which functions to enable.

window : a toplevel GdkWindow
functions : bitmask of operations to allow on window

enum GdkWMFunction

typedef enum
{
  GDK_FUNC_ALL		= 1 << 0,
  GDK_FUNC_RESIZE	= 1 << 1,
  GDK_FUNC_MOVE		= 1 << 2,
  GDK_FUNC_MINIMIZE	= 1 << 3,
  GDK_FUNC_MAXIMIZE	= 1 << 4,
  GDK_FUNC_CLOSE	= 1 << 5
} GdkWMFunction;

These are hints originally defined by the Motif toolkit. The window manager can use them when determining the functions to offer for the window. The hint must be set before mapping the window.

GDK_FUNC_ALL all functions should be offered.
GDK_FUNC_RESIZE the window should be resizable.
GDK_FUNC_MOVE the window should be movable.
GDK_FUNC_MINIMIZE the window should be minimizable.
GDK_FUNC_MAXIMIZE the window should be maximizable.
GDK_FUNC_CLOSE the window should be closable.

gdk_window_get_toplevels ()

GList*              gdk_window_get_toplevels            (void);

Obtains a list of all toplevel windows known to GDK on the default screen (see gdk_screen_get_toplevel_windows()). A toplevel window is a child of the root window (see gdk_get_default_root_window()).

The returned list should be freed with g_list_free(), but its elements need not be freed.

Returns : list of toplevel windows, free with g_list_free()

gdk_get_default_root_window ()

GdkWindow*          gdk_get_default_root_window         (void);

Obtains the root window (parent all other windows are inside) for the default display and screen.

Returns : the default root window

GdkPointerHooks

typedef struct {
  GdkWindow* (*get_pointer)       (GdkWindow	   *window,
			           gint	           *x,
			           gint   	   *y,
			           GdkModifierType *mask);
  GdkWindow* (*window_at_pointer) (GdkScreen       *screen, /* unused */
                                   gint            *win_x,
                                   gint            *win_y);
} GdkPointerHooks;

A table of pointers to functions for getting quantities related to the current pointer position. GDK has one global table of this type, which can be set using gdk_set_pointer_hooks().

This is only useful for such low-level tools as an event recorder. Applications should never have any reason to use this facility

get_pointer () Obtains the current pointer position and modifier state. The position is given in coordinates relative to the window containing the pointer, which is returned in window.
window_at_pointer () Obtains the window underneath the mouse pointer, returning the location of that window in win_x, win_y. Returns NULL if the window under the mouse pointer is not known to GDK (for example, belongs to another application).

gdk_set_pointer_hooks ()

GdkPointerHooks*    gdk_set_pointer_hooks               (const GdkPointerHooks *new_hooks);

This function allows for hooking into the operation of getting the current location of the pointer. This is only useful for such low-level tools as an event recorder. Applications should never have any reason to use this facility.

This function is not multihead safe. For multihead operation, see gdk_display_set_pointer_hooks().

new_hooks : a table of pointers to functions for getting quantities related to the current pointer position, or NULL to restore the default table.
Returns : the previous pointer hook table